meta_package_manager.managers.zef module

class meta_package_manager.managers.zef.Zef

Bases: PackageManager

Zef, the module manager of the Raku language.

A package is a Raku distribution, identified by the bare name its identity string opens with. Raku names are colon-separated (JSON::Fast) and the identity appends its own colon-prefixed fields to them (JSON::Fast:ver<0.20>:auth<zef:timo>), so every pattern here matches the name lazily up to the literal :ver< rather than splitting on colons.

Initialize cli_errors list.

operation_notes: ClassVar = {'installed': 'Two distributions may share a name and differ only by their `auth` field; the listing keeps one entry per name at the highest version.', 'outdated': 'The tool reports no staleness of its own.', 'search': "The tool's search answers one row per *(distribution, version)* pair, so results are reduced to one entry per name."}

Per-operation hints rendered in the Notes column of the manager page’s Operations table.

Keyed by the Operations member name, each value is a single short sentence explaining why the manager lacks the operation, or what makes its implementation partial: the pointer a reader needs to judge whether the gap is one they could help close. Each sentence starts with a capital and closes with a period, and starts on a word rather than a code span, so the cell reads standalone beside its row. A blank cell stays silent: a manager documenting nothing documents no gap.

The full rationale never lives here: it belongs in a comment beside the implementing method (or beside this declaration, for an operation with no method to hang it on), so the sentence on the page stays a hint and the code keeps the story. The class docstring follows the same split: it keeps only what a user needs to run the tool day to day, never how mpm wraps it.

Validated by test_operation_notes, which also checks every key matches a real operation: a key outside the enum’s vocabulary would never reach a page.

name: str = 'Zef'

Return package manager’s common name.

Default value is based on class name.

repository_url: str | None = 'https://github.com/ugexe/zef'

Repository holding the project’s code, or None when it has no public one.

Linked from the manager’s documentation page. Also what the weekly metrics sample reads: docs/docs_update.py writes it into the [tool.repomatic.metrics] subjects of pyproject.toml when its forge answers the sampler, through a mirror for a forge that does not.

Never inherited, for the same reason as wikipedia_url: the AUR helpers extending pacman each live in a repository of their own.

platforms: frozenset[Platform] | Group | Platform | Iterable[Platform | Group] = frozenset({Platform(id='aix', name='IBM AIX'), Platform(id='almalinux', name='AlmaLinux'), Platform(id='alpine', name='Alpine Linux'), Platform(id='altlinux', name='ALT Linux'), Platform(id='amzn', name='Amazon Linux'), Platform(id='android', name='Android'), Platform(id='arch', name='Arch Linux'), Platform(id='buildroot', name='Buildroot'), Platform(id='cachyos', name='CachyOS'), Platform(id='centos', name='CentOS'), Platform(id='chromeos', name='ChromeOS'), Platform(id='clearlinux', name='Clear Linux OS'), Platform(id='cloudlinux', name='CloudLinux OS'), Platform(id='crux', name='CRUX'), Platform(id='cygwin', name='Cygwin'), Platform(id='debian', name='Debian'), Platform(id='dragonfly_bsd', name='DragonFly BSD'), Platform(id='endeavouros', name='EndeavourOS'), Platform(id='exherbo', name='Exherbo Linux'), Platform(id='fedora', name='Fedora'), Platform(id='freebsd', name='FreeBSD'), Platform(id='generic_linux', name='Generic Linux'), Platform(id='gentoo', name='Gentoo Linux'), Platform(id='guix', name='Guix System'), Platform(id='haiku', name='Haiku'), Platform(id='hurd', name='GNU/Hurd'), Platform(id='ibm_powerkvm', name='IBM PowerKVM'), Platform(id='illumos', name='illumos'), Platform(id='kali', name='Kali Linux'), Platform(id='kvmibm', name='KVM for IBM z Systems'), Platform(id='linuxmint', name='Linux Mint'), Platform(id='macos', name='macOS'), Platform(id='mageia', name='Mageia'), Platform(id='mandriva', name='Mandriva Linux'), Platform(id='manjaro', name='Manjaro Linux'), Platform(id='midnightbsd', name='MidnightBSD'), Platform(id='netbsd', name='NetBSD'), Platform(id='nixos', name='NixOS'), Platform(id='nobara', name='Nobara'), Platform(id='nutyx', name='NuTyX'), Platform(id='openbsd', name='OpenBSD'), Platform(id='opensuse', name='openSUSE'), Platform(id='openwrt', name='OpenWrt'), Platform(id='oracle', name='Oracle Linux'), Platform(id='os400', name='IBM i'), Platform(id='parallels', name='Parallels'), Platform(id='pidora', name='Pidora'), Platform(id='pikaos', name='PikaOS'), Platform(id='raspbian', name='Raspbian'), Platform(id='rhel', name='RedHat Enterprise Linux'), Platform(id='rocky', name='Rocky Linux'), Platform(id='scientific', name='Scientific Linux'), Platform(id='slackware', name='Slackware'), Platform(id='sles', name='SUSE Linux Enterprise Server'), Platform(id='slitaz', name='SliTaz GNU/Linux'), Platform(id='solaris', name='Solaris'), Platform(id='solus', name='Solus'), Platform(id='sourcemage', name='Source Mage GNU/Linux'), Platform(id='sunos', name='SunOS'), Platform(id='tuxedo', name='Tuxedo OS'), Platform(id='ubuntu', name='Ubuntu'), Platform(id='ultramarine', name='Ultramarine'), Platform(id='void', name='Void Linux'), Platform(id='windows', name='Windows'), Platform(id='wsl1', name='Windows Subsystem for Linux v1'), Platform(id='wsl2', name='Windows Subsystem for Linux v2'), Platform(id='xenserver', name='XenServer')})

List of platforms supported by the manager.

Allows for a mishmash of platforms and groups of platforms. Will be normalized into a frozenset of Platform instances at instantiation.

version_regexes: tuple[str, ...] = ('^(?P<version>\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+)',)

Search the bare version zef prints on its own.

$ zef --version
1.1.3

property installed: Iterator[Package]

Fetch installed packages.

$ zef list --installed
===> Found via inst#/opt/homebrew/Cellar/rakudo-star/2026.07/share/perl6/site
App::Prove6:ver<0.0.18>:auth<zef:leont>
Config::TOML:ver<0.1.3>:auth<zef:raku-community-modules>
Config:ver<3.0.4>:auth<cpan:TYIL>:api<3>
Crane:ver<0.1.2>:auth<zef:raku-community-modules>
Digest:ver<1.1.0>:auth<zef:grondilu>

search(query, extended, exact)

Fetch matching packages.

Caution

Search does not support extended or exact matching.

$ zef search JSON::Fast
===> Found 50 results
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID|From                            |Package                              |Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 |Zef::Repository::Ecosystems<fez>|JSON::Fast:ver<0.20>:auth<zef:timo>  |A naive, fast json parser and serializer
1 |Zef::Repository::Ecosystems<fez>|JSON::Fast:ver<0.20.1>:auth<zef:timo>|A naive, fast json parser and serializer

Return type:

Iterator[Package]

install(package_id, version=None)

Install one package.

$ zef install JSON::Fast::Hyper
===> Testing: hyperize:ver<0.0.4>:auth<zef:lizmat>
===> Testing [OK] for hyperize:ver<0.0.4>:auth<zef:lizmat>
===> Testing: JSON::Fast::Hyper:ver<0.0.11>:auth<zef:lizmat>
===> Testing [OK] for JSON::Fast::Hyper:ver<0.0.11>:auth<zef:lizmat>
===> Installing: hyperize:ver<0.0.4>:auth<zef:lizmat>
===> Installing: JSON::Fast::Hyper:ver<0.0.11>:auth<zef:lizmat>

Return type:

str

upgrade_all_cli()

Generates the CLI to upgrade all packages.

$ zef upgrade

Return type:

tuple[str, ...]

cli_names: tuple[str, ...] = ('zef',)

List of CLI names the package manager is known as.

This list of recognized CLI names is ordered by priority. That way we can influence the search of the right binary.

..hint::

This was helpful in the case of the Python transition from 2.x to 3.x, where multiple versions of the same executable were named python or python3.

By default, this property’s value is derived from the manager’s ID (see the MetaPackageManager.__init__ method above).

documentation_url: str | None = None

Entry point of the project’s own documentation, or None when it has none.

The manual, the documentation site, or the man page of the CLI mpm drives: whichever page a user reads to learn the commands this manager wraps. Listed between homepage_url and repository_url in the links of the manager’s page, so a reader reaching for the tool’s reference finds it in the box of facts rather than in the prose below it.

Left unset where a link would state a fact twice or invent one: a tool documenting itself in its repository alone, whose README repository_url already reaches. A page about the ecosystem rather than the tool does not qualify either.

Where a project’s only site is its manual, that address belongs here and homepage_url stays unset: the slot names what the page is, and a reader reaching for the reference looks under the documentation link.

Never inherited, like every other link: the AUR helpers extending pacman each document themselves.

homepage_url: str | None = None

Home page of the project, only used in documentation for reference.

Left unset when the home page is the project’s repository, which repository_url names on its own, and when it is the project’s manual, which documentation_url names. Never inherited, like the other links.

id: str = 'zef'

Package manager’s ID.

Derived by defaults from the lower-cased class name in which underscores _ are replaced by dashes -.

This ID must be unique among all package manager definitions and lower-case, as they’re used as feature flags for the mpm CLI.

upgrade_one_cli(package_id, version=None)

Generates the CLI to upgrade one package.

$ zef upgrade JSON::Fast

Return type:

tuple[str, ...]

virtual: bool = False

Should we expose the package manager to the user?

Virtual package manager are just skeleton classes used to factorize code among managers of the same family.

wikipedia_url: str | None = None

English Wikipedia article about the project, or None when it has none.

Listed last in the links of the manager’s documentation page. The article covers the project that home page names, or is a redirect Wikipedia keeps under the project’s name, landing on the part of a broader article that describes it: Cargo_(software) opens the Cargo section of the Rust article. An article that merely mentions the project does not count, nor does one about a related subject: lazy is a Neovim plugin manager, and the Neovim article is not about it.

Never inherited: the metaclass resets it to None on any class not declaring its own. A subclass often wraps a distinct project, like the six AUR helpers extending pacman, and would otherwise present pacman’s article as its own. Documentation-only, like homepage_url.

remove(package_id)

Remove one package.

$ zef uninstall JSON::Fast::Hyper
===> Uninstalled from inst#/opt/homebrew/Cellar/rakudo-star/2026.07/share/perl6/site
JSON::Fast::Hyper:ver<0.0.11>:auth<zef:lizmat>

Return type:

str

sync()

Sync package metadata.

$ zef update

Return type:

None